Knee Joint
Arthritis of the knee is a chronic condition characterized by pain, swelling, and stiffness in the knee joint, which can significantly impact mobility and quality of life. This condition primarily affects the cartilage cushioning the knee joint, leading to bone-on-bone contact and subsequent discomfort. Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent form, occurring when the cartilage gradually wears away, allowing bones to rub against each other. Post-traumatic arthritis, often a consequence of knee injuries, and rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disease causing joint inflammation, are also common types. Risk factors include advancing age, genetics, bone anomalies, previous knee injuries, excess weight, and high-impact activities. Symptoms of knee arthritis include creaking or clicking noises, difficulty walking, joint stiffness, knee buckling, and swelling. Diagnosis typically involves X-rays to assess joint changes and bone spurs. Treatment aims to manage symptoms and slow disease progression. Nonsurgical options include weight management, low-impact exercises, orthotic devices, physical therapy, medications (such as pain relievers and anti-inflammatories), and injections. In severe cases, surgical interventions like arthroplasty or osteotomy may be necessary to alleviate symptoms and restore knee function. While knee arthritis is not curable, appropriate management strategies can help individuals maintain mobility and improve their quality of life. Regular monitoring by healthcare professionals is essential for effective symptom management and treatment adjustment as needed.